Dumping apparatus



March 24, 1925.

R. RADDATZ DUMPING APPARATUS 3 sheets-sheet 1 @limi-lr@ Illu 2` i.

Original Filed June l2,

fig/Ma 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 24, 1925.

R. RADDATZ DUMPING APPARATUS Original Filed June 12, 191B .uw ,www .wwww vitto rmegfa'.

March .24, 1925.

R. RADDATz DUMPING APPARATUS original Filed June l2, 1918 3Sheets-fSheet 5 lrnvevf/Cor JMWMWM@ uttowrg'.

Patented Mar. v24, 1925.

UNITED -sTATEs PATlezNT oi-Fica RICHARD R'ADDATZ, OF MILWAUKEE,WISOONSIN,IASSIGNOR, IBY HESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO WOOD HYDRAULIC HOIST'BODY COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MIGHIG-AN,

.5. CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

Dumme APPARATUS.

Application led June 12, 1918. -Serial No. 239,505. Renewed January 30,1925.

To all 'whom 'it may con/Jem:

Be it known that I, R'IcHAnn RAnDA'rz, a citizen of the United States,residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State ofWisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in DumpingApparatus, of which the following 1s a specification, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawing, forming a .part

thereof.

This invention relates to dumping apparatus and the object of theinvention is to improve the construction of dumping apparatus in themanner to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the operation of dumping a load by applying forcel to a platform, theforce required to tip the'platform is variable because, as the center ofgravity of the load is raised, less force is required to tip the latformas the center of gravity of the lo approaches a vertical line passingthrough the fulcrum or pivotal point.

The apparatus to be hereinafter described does not require excessivepower to start the dumping operation, maintains the power withsubstantially no variations and fluctuations while tipping the platformto the dumping position and can be arranged in a very compact form. v

.For simplicity of illustration and description the invention isillustratedas applied to a motor truck but such illustration is notintended to limit the applicationof the invention to use with motortrucks.

Referring to the drawings which accompany this specification and form apart hereof. which drawings illustrate an embodiment of this invention,and on which drawings the same parts are designated by the samereference characters wherever they may appear in each of the severalviews, Fig. 1 is asi-de elevation of a motor truck, arts being shown insection; Fig. 2 is a p an view of parts of the truck; Fig. 3 is a sideelevation, on an enlarged scale, of parts shown by Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is avertical cross-section taken on the line 4 4 on Fig. 2, looking in thedirection indicated by the arrows; and Fig. 5 is a n verticalcross-section taken on the line 5-5 onFig. 2, looking in the directionindicated by the arrows. A

Referrin to the drawings, the reference numeral 1 esignatcs a motortruck which is provided with a body 2, hereinafter called the platform.The p atform 2 is illustrated as being fulcrumed or pivoted to the frameof the truck by a pivot, or pivots, 3. If the platform 2 is uniformlyloaded, the center of gravity of the load will lie in a #vertical linehalf way between the ends and the sides of the platform and will be at agreater or less distance from the platform depending upon the amount ofthe load kin volume, for the same material, or the specific gravity of65 the load of the same weight as compared with a load of differentspecific gravity. The center ofgravity of a load is indicated on thedrawings by the reference letter a: and it will be apparent from aninspection of Fig. 1 of the drawings that the center of gravity of theload a proaches a vertical line passing through t e fulcrum or pivotalpoint of the platform as the platform is tipped to the dumping positionshown in dotted lines. It is apparent from an inspection of Fig. 1 ofthe drawings that if the fron-t end of the platform 2 were to be lifted,the greatest power would have to be exerted at the commencement of thelif-t and the power required Tto complete vthe lift would diminishprogressively as the tipping increased.

This invention provides apparatus, for tipping a platform, of such acharacter that a substantially constant power motor exerts its powerthrough associated mechanism to app y the greatest forcez to theplatform at the commencement of the tipping movement and to applyprogressively diminishing force to the platform as the tipping movementis 9o continued. The drawings illustrate simple but 'effective mechanismand apparatus for accomplishing the desired result. The motor exerts itspower through a lever which tips the platform with a varying leverage.The lever is designated by the reference numeral 4 and a plurality ofsuch levers may be employed, as shown by the drawings, to betterdistribute the strains and stresses.

Antifricton devices 5 may be interposed be- 100 tween a lever 4 and theplatform 2 and, as a matter of convenience and simplicity ofconstruction, it is preferred to secure a single antifriction device 5to the platform 2 over a lever 4. This construction provides a variableor differential fulcrum between a lever and the platform. The levers 4are pivoted on fixed fulcra 6 and it will be readily seen from aninspection of Figs. I and 3 of the drawings that rocking a lever 4 onits fulcrum 6 will tip the platform 2 and that, as the platform 2 istipped, the antifriction roller 5 will bear against the lever 4 atp'o1nts more 'remote from the fulcrum 6 so thatthe lever 4 isadiflerential lever for transmitting the power of the motor to theplatform 2. The motor may be of any suitable, preferred type orconstruction. The drawmgs illustrate'a fluid pressure motor as asuitable and preferred type for use in connection with vehicles, thoughit is to be understood that the specific type or construction of motorto be employed is not material to this invention. The motor isillustrated as composed of a cylinder 7 which is provided with a piston8 and a piston rod 9. The piston rod 9 passes loosely through` anaperture 10 in a cross-head 11 and a ball and socket )oint is shown aslformed by a depression in the cross-head and the rounded end of a nut12 on the end of the piston rod. This construction allows the cross-headto be thrown out of true alignment without causing the pist-on rod tobind, if parts of the frame of the truck bend. It is, of course,immaterial whether the piston rod is arranged to pull or push or whethertwo or more cylinders are employed and so arranged' that their pistonrods pull and push the cross-head. The cross-head 11 is shown asprovided with anti-friction devices, or rollers 13, which act as slidesor'supports and rest upon tracks 14. Links 15 and 16, which are shownasformed Vto straddle the levers 4, are pivotally connected with thelevers 4 and with the crosshead 11. The pivots 17, which pivot the links15 and 16 to the levers 4, may be placed forward of the pivots 6 andforward of the cross-head 11 and below the cross-head so that the forceexerted by the motor upon the levers 4 'will be exerted with adifferential efect depending on the angles which the links 15 and 16make with the levers 4.

It is immaterial what fluid is used in the cylinder 7 but, for thepurpose of this description, it will be assumed that an incompressiblefluid, such as oil, is used and that the front end of the cylinder isthe power or operating end and that the rear end of the cylinder servesas an oil reservoir. A pump 18 can draw oil from the rear end of thecylinder and force it under pressure between the front head of thecylinder and the p1ston 8. The pump 18 draws the oil from the rear endof the cylinder through a pipe The pump 18 is illustrated as driven bythe f shaft 21, sprocket wheels 22 and 23 and sprocket chain 24 from ashaft 25 which is rotated by the engine, not shown, of the truck. Aclutch 26 and a shifting lever 27 provide means for starting or stoppinthe pump 18 at will whenever the shaft 25 1s being rotated. A by-pass 28is illustrated as connecting pipes 19 and 20 between the pump 18 and thecylinder 7. A valve 29 controls the thoroughfare through the by-pass 28and is normally held closed by the spring 30. The rod 31 is connectedwith the valve 29 and passes through a holein a clip 32 which is securedto the cross-head 11. A nut 33, which may be backed by a lock nut, onthe screwthreaded end of the rod 31 provides adjustable means forpositively opening the valve 29 when the platform has been tipped to aselected, predetermined angle. Before the latform has been tipped to theselected, pre etermined angle, the valve 29 may be opened manually andheld open by the ro 34 which can be moved by the lever 35. ,1-

Heretofore it has been assumed that the center of gravity of the loadmaintained its position with respect to the platform as the platform wasbeing tipped. This is the case until the platform has been tipped tosuch an angle that the load commences to slide in whole or in part. Whenthe loady slides in whole or in part, the center of gravity of the loadshifts towards a vertical line through the fulcrum or pivotal point andless power is required to complete the tipping of theplatform. To avoidany possibility of the platform belng t1pped too far, or overthrown, anysuitable stop mechanism can, be

provided as, for exam le, a hook 36 on the platform and a pin 3l) on a.lever 4. The ends of the levers 4 may be rounded or beveled oli' asindicated by the'reference lnumeral 38 to provide run-olls for'theantifriction devices 5.

The operation of the apparatus will be evident from the foregoingdescription. It may be added, however, that the operator has entirecontrol of the platform by means of the valve 29. For example, he canmanipulate the valve 29 to hold the platform tilted to any angle ortodecrease the velocity of the movement of the platform as it approachesthe dumping position or he can ease the platform, 'loaded or unloaded,back to its initial position, as will be readily understood, because, ifthe pump 18 is in operation, the effec-t of the pump on the motor can bevaried by by-passing more or less of the fluid.

The reference numeral 39 designates a check valve which opens towardsthe cylinder 7 and pre-vents the fluid seeping throu'gh the pump 18 whenthe pump is not being lll operated and the platform, loaded or unloaded,is raised.

The hook 36 and pin 37, or equivalent mechanism, can be used as apositive stop to stop the tipping of the platform with a jerk so as todislodge sticky material such as asphalt, for example, or material whichhas locked or bridged'.

'.llu` apparatus can be arranged in an exceedingly compact andmechal'iically efiicient manner as, for example, when used upon a motortruck as illustrated by the drawings the downward stresses upon thepivots or fulcra (i can be transmitted directly to an axle or to theframe between the points where it is supported by the springs. Thisconstruction avoids the liability of springing or bending the framemembers of the truck as will be readily understood.

lVhat is claimed is:

1.. In dumping apparatus, the combination with a tiltable platform of alever pivotally supported below the platform and adapted to be swungupwardly in the same general direction as that in which the platformtilts, a link pivotally connected with said lever and inclined upwardlytherefrom and towards the pivotal point of said platform, means to guidethe upper end of said link in a. predetermined path, and means connectedwith the upper e-nd of said link to swing said lever up to tilt saidplatform.

2. In dumping apparatus, the combination with a tiltable platform of aplurality of levers pivotally supported below the platform and adaptedto be swung upwardly in the same general direction as that in which theplatform tilts, links pivotally connected with said levers and inclinedupwardly therefrom and towards the pivotal point of said platform, across-head connecting the upper ends of said links, means to guide thecrosshead in a predetermined path, and motor mechanism for moving saidcross-head.

3. In dumping apparatus, the combination of a tiltable platform providedwith a fulerlun near one end thereof and also provided with a fixedfulcrum or bearing for a lever, a lever provided with a. fulcrumintermediate the fulcraof the platform, a cross-head locatedbetween thelever and the platform, a .connection between the crosshead and thelever, and a substantially constant power motor for moving the cross#head to tilt the leverand the platform in the same general direction ofmovement.

4. In dumping apparatus, the combination of a horizont-al cylinder,provided with a piston and piston-rod, horizontal Uuide's, a cross-head,a tiltable platform above the cylinder and provided with a-ixed bearingor fulcrum for a lever, a, lever provided with a fulcrum below thecross-head and bearing against the fixed fulcrum on the platform, aninclined link connecting the cross-head with the lever, and means toforce fluid into the cylinder to tilt the platform.

In witne whereof I hereto afix my signature.

RICHARD RADDATZ.

